医学英语泛听 Are Vitamins Necessary?

小白老师2015/11/25英语学习

摘要: 维生素是否必要取决于个体饮食状况和健康需求;对于大多数人而言,均衡饮食足以提供所需营养,而补充剂如复合维生素或维生素D可能在特定情况下起到辅助作用。

  • 注册营养师指出,食物是比药丸更好的维生素来源。
  • 美国人在膳食补充剂上每年花费巨大,但多数补充剂缺乏充分科学证据支持其功效。
  • 哈佛公共卫生学院专家认为,普通复合维生素可作为饮食不足的安全网,维生素D可能是少数有明确补充价值的例外。
  • 过度依赖补充剂不仅经济负担重,且因监管宽松,其实际效果常未经证实。
  • 健康年轻人若饮食均衡、生活方式良好,通常无需大量服用维生素补充剂。

Are Vitamins Necessary

Dietician Nancy Clark says food is a better source of vitamins than pills.

请点击下方条形框播放语音

Hello, I’m Elizabeth Vargas and welcome to 20/20 in touch.

Trying to find a way to cut back on your spending, maybe you can save on all those vitamin supplements you’ve been buying. Doctor Tim Johnson has a new prescription for your physical and financial health.

24-year-old graduate student Ashley Mason is the picture of health. She does everything possible to stay that way. She watches her diet, exercises everyday.And she takes supplements to prevent health problem as she gets older.

Stop wrinkles before they start. Take these pills before you get sick. And it all sounds like a very good idea to me.

In fact, Ashley takes nearly a dozen different pills everyday.

Every week, I sort them into this sorter.But Ashley is not a finale. Millions of people follow a regiment like this. Last year American spent 22.5 billion dollars on dietary supplements, hoping to buy a protection against the whole range of illnesses. This is what Ashley is counting on to keep her healthy. A multi-vitamin, fish oil, flaxseed oil, calcium, B-vitamins, magnesium, glucosamine and vitamin E. It’s expensive, but she believes it’s an investment in her health.

It’s a lot of money for a graduate student to be paying every month for medication, while it’s not even really medication, I’m not sick.

Physically, Ashley feels fine. It’s her pocketbook that hurts. A student on a tight budget, she’s scraping together a thousand dollars a year for all her supplements. And since the manufactures don’t have to prove to consumers that any of this stuff actually works, 20/20 set out to see if taking all these pills is smart medicine.

Doctor Eric Rimm of the Harvard School of Public Health says a simple multi-vitamin can provide a sort of safety net against the less-than-perfect diet.

If you’re really on a generic mouthful vitamin which I think is probably enough for most people if you’re taking a supplement. The only thing where I would think there may be benefit would be taking from…er, will be taking vitamin D.

Vitamin D, the so-called sunshine vitamin because it’s made when sunlight gets your skin.

Every tissue and cell in your body needs vitamin D for maximum health.

常见问题

维生素补充剂是否对所有人都有必要?

并非如此。对于饮食均衡的人群,通常无需额外补充维生素;仅在特定情况(如维生素D缺乏)下才可能有益。

为什么专家建议优先从食物中获取维生素?

食物中的维生素与其他营养素协同作用,吸收更有效,且避免了补充剂可能带来的过量或无效风险。

维生素D为何被特别提及?

因为维生素D在体内参与几乎所有组织和细胞的功能,且现代人日照不足,容易缺乏,因此可能需要补充。

膳食补充剂是否受到严格监管?

在美国,膳食补充剂制造商无需向消费者证明产品有效,监管远不如药品严格。

参考资料

哈佛大学公共卫生学院关于维生素补充的观点

文中引用Eric Rimm博士观点,代表哈佛公卫学院立场

美国膳食补充剂市场消费数据

文中提到美国人年消费225亿美元于膳食补充剂

Nancy Clark注册营养师建议

强调食物优于补充剂的营养来源