干货! 医患英文对话精听 | Boil疖肿

小白老师2015/12/14英语学习

摘要: 疖肿(boil)是一种由细菌感染引起的皮肤脓肿,通常需要切开引流并配合局部麻醉处理。在进行麻醉前,患者需禁食禁饮至少四小时以确保安全。

  • 疖肿是由细菌感染导致的皮肤深层炎症,常伴有脓液积聚。
  • 治疗疖肿通常需要外科切开引流,并使用局部麻醉减轻疼痛。
  • 接受麻醉前,患者必须禁食禁饮至少四小时,以降低麻醉风险。
  • 医生在操作前会详细询问患者最近的饮食时间和整体健康状况。

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MAN, AGED 52 (男性,52岁)

D=Doctor, P=Patient

(Man with boil on back of neck)

D: How long have you had this boil(疖子)?

P: For five days.

(After examining the boil)

D: This needs an incision(切开,切口) to let out the pus(脓). For this we’d like to give you an anaesthetic(麻醉剂,麻药) so there won’t be any pain. When did you have food and drink last?

P: Yesterday.

D: Are you sure you had nothing today?

P: Only a cup of tea for breakfast.

D: What time was that?

P: Three hours ago.

D: Well, you’ll have to wait an hour then as we can’t give you an anaesthetic until four hours after you’ve eaten or drunk. Are you quite healthy otherwise?

P: Yes.

D: Right. We’ll attend to you in an hour’s time.


常见问题

什么是疖肿(boil)?

疖肿是一种由金黄色葡萄球菌等细菌引起的毛囊及其周围组织的急性化脓性感染,表现为红、肿、热、痛的硬结,随后可能形成脓头。

为什么切开疖肿前要禁食禁饮?

因为局部麻醉虽风险较低,但为防止术中恶心、呕吐或误吸,医疗机构通常要求患者在麻醉前至少四小时不进食不饮水。

疖肿一定要切开吗?

并非所有疖肿都需要切开。较小的疖肿可能自行破溃愈合,但若脓液积聚明显、疼痛剧烈或久不消退,医生通常建议切开引流以加速恢复。

参考资料

Boils and carbuncles - NHS

英国国家医疗服务体系关于疖肿的病因、症状与治疗建议。

Local Anesthesia Guidelines for Minor Procedures

临床常规要求麻醉前禁食禁饮4-6小时,具体时间依麻醉类型和机构规范而定。