这里是克隆猴的新鲜原版英语新闻听力,先听为快!

小白老师2018/01/25英语学习

摘要: 中国科学家首次利用体细胞核移植技术成功克隆出非人灵长类动物——猕猴,这是该技术首次在与人类亲缘关系较近的物种中取得成功,标志着生物医学研究的重要突破。

  • 中国科学院团队于2018年1月宣布成功使用体细胞核移植技术克隆出两只猕猴,系全球首次在非人灵长类动物中实现该技术。
  • 该成果发表于国际顶级期刊《Cell》封面,为构建基因一致的灵长类疾病模型(如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病)提供了可能。
  • 尽管技术上接近人类克隆,研究团队明确表示无意且无计划进行人类克隆,并强调技术应避免滥用。
  • 此前克隆恒河猴采用的是胚胎分割法,无法满足大规模基因编辑研究需求,而体细胞核移植可精准复制特定基因型个体。

小白老师说:中国科学院 1 月 24 日举行新闻发布会,宣布我国在国际上首次实现了非人灵长类动物的体细胞克隆。生物学国际顶尖学术期刊 Cell 以封面文章发表此项成果。这一重大科学成果引得外媒争相报道,小白老师火速觅得最新鲜的原版新闻报道,带大家先听为快!

注意:音频和文字不是匹配的,但是大体内容一致。让各位学霸测试一下能听懂多少。

点这里新鲜原版新闻**▼**

Chinese Scientists Clone Monkeys Using Method That Created Dolly The Sheep

Chinese researchers have finally figured out how to clone a primate, using the same technique Scottish researchers devised(设计;发明)to clone the first mammal, Dolly the sheep, in the mid-1990s.

Scientists in Shanghai say they’ve produced two cloned macaque monkeys(猕猴,短尾猴) by taking the DNA from the nuclei of fetal monkey cells and putting the genes into monkey eggs that had their own DNA removed. The scientists then stimulated the eggs to develop into embryos(胚胎), which were placed into the wombs of female surrogate(代孕的) monkeys to develop into baby monkeys. It’s the first time the technology, called somatic cell nuclear transfer(体细胞核移植), has been used to clone any close relative of humans.

图片

Procedure for Monkey SCNT Using Fetal Monkey Fibroblasts

(A) Fetal monkey fibroblasts in primary culture.

The researchers hope to use the advance to create genetically identical monkeys for medical research. They describe their work in the journal Cell.

“We’re excited — extremely excited,” Mu-ming Poo of the Chinese Academy of Sciences said. “This is really, I think, a breakthrough(重大突破) for biomedicine.”

He sees a need to have “genetically identical monkeys for studying many human diseases, especially brain diseases” such as Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s (亨廷顿舞蹈症)and Parkinson’s.

Other scientists agree the development could prove very useful.

“I think it’s a very exciting landmark(里程碑). It’s a major advance,” says Dieter Egli, a reproductive biologist(生殖生物学家) at Columbia University. “It should be possible to make models of human disease in those monkeys and study those and then attempt to cure it.”

图片

Cell 以封面文章发表此项成果

But the step also raises concern that someone might try to use the same technique to clone humans, given the biological similarities between monkeys and humans.

“People may wonder: Are human beings next?” says Insoo Hyun, a bioethicist (生物伦理学家)at Case Western Reserve University. “People have always been worried about the possibility of human cloning. And this is just yet another step in that direction.”

The Chinese scientists acknowledge that any new technology can be abused(滥用). But they stress they have no interest in ever trying to clone a person. “Technically speaking one can clone human,” Poo says. “But we’re not going to do it. There’s absolutely no plan to do anything on humans.”

Ever since Scottish researchers cloned Dolly the sheep, scientists have attempted to use the same technique to clone other mammals. They’ve succeeded with many species, including mice, dogs, cows, horses and rabbits.

Scientists cloned rhesus monkeys(恒河猴) using a different method known as embryo splitting. But that technique isn’t considered useful for producing large numbers of genetically modified clones for medical research.

常见问题

这次克隆猴使用的是什么技术?

使用的是体细胞核移植(somatic cell nuclear transfer, SCNT)技术,与1996年克隆多利羊的方法相同。

为什么克隆猴对医学研究很重要?

克隆猴可提供基因完全一致的实验动物,有助于研究阿尔茨海默病、亨廷顿舞蹈症、帕金森病等复杂脑疾病。

这项成果是否意味着人类克隆即将实现?

虽然技术上更接近人类克隆,但研究团队明确表示不会进行人类克隆,并强调该技术仅用于非人灵长类医学研究。

此前有没有克隆过猴子?

有,但使用的是胚胎分割法克隆恒河猴,该方法无法产生大量基因相同的个体,不适合现代生物医学研究需求。

参考资料

Cloning of Macaque Monkeys by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer

该研究论文发表于《Cell》期刊2018年1月25日刊,为封面文章。

Chinese Scientists Clone Monkeys Using Method That Created Dolly The Sheep

原文引述自英文新闻报道,内容与中国科学院发布会及《Cell》论文一致。